CPEC, in Balochistan, the Marginalized, Exploited and Beneficiaries

Abstract

This research critically examines the growth of Gwadar Port under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and its implications for Balochistan, with special emphasis on the socio-political, economic, and environmental impacts suffered by the Baloch people. Although Gwadar has been represented by the state and global stakeholders as a beacon of economic hope and regional integration, the research argues that the development has unevenly favored external parties—specifically Chinese investors and Pakistani elites—at the expense of local communities. Through a comprehensive analysis of scholarly literature, policy briefs, and media reports, this research uncovers an alarming trend of land grabbing, militarization, ecological destruction, and silencing of Baloch voices in the decision-making process. The study contends that the CPEC project in Balochistan, rather than being an inclusive development project, has further entrenched pre-existing inequalities and socio-political grievances. In bringing out these structural imbalances, the research appeals for a remaking of development that is premised on local agency, equitable distribution of resources, and an appreciation of Balochistan's socio-cultural and environmental context.