Influential Social and Economic Determinants of Land Biodiversity Quality: Unveiling the Role of Education, Innovation, and Institutional Factors

Abstract

Background: Biodiversity conservation is a critical global priority due to its fundamental role in sustaining ecosystem health, resilience, and human well-being. Human activities and factors significantly influence biodiversity dynamics, presenting challenges and opportunities for conservation efforts. Understanding the interplay between human factors and their impacts on the species habitat and species protection index is essential for formulating effective conservation strategies.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of various social and economic factors on biodiversity conservation, including cost of living, climate change adaptation, innovation, quality of education, economic activity, and institutional quality.

Methods: This study has used the Panel FGLS method on 117 countries to estimate the effect of social and economic factors on de facto and de jure biodiversity quality.

Results: The results showed that the selected variables significantly affect the biodiversity quality within which the effects of innovation and institutional quality are surprisingly different from the sustainable practices hypothesis.

Conclusion: Biodiversity conservation is a multifaceted challenge influenced by various human factors. The study findings underscore the significance of education, climate change adaptation, and responsible innovation in enhancing species habitat and its protection. Moreover, a balanced approach to economic activity and thoughtful institutional management is crucial to achieving successful biodiversity conservation outcomes.