Investigating the Decentralization Process on Education in Pakistan in the perspective of 18th Amendment: A Review Article

Abstract

This article is reviewed to highlight the concerns of the 18th Amendment in the Educational Sector for secondary education perspectives. The objective of decentralization and 18th Amendment is to advance the quality of secondary education, enhanced learning outcomes through increased efficiency and accountability in the secondary education. The 18th Amendment supporters that they believe this policy highlights the importance of access to knowledge to secondary education to Pakistani citizens. Moreover, these changes infer important amendments in the values that relate to a rapport among students, learners, students’ parents, and the relationship of the local community with the federal government, and the vital sense and basis for public secondary education. However, critics pointed out that Policies, objectives and decisions made at a federal level various problems arise especially in context of accountability and sharing responsibility. Researchers conclude that the historical research on decentralization has given various effects in context of positive and negative perspective and decentralization is practical in the Secondary level of education.