Influence of Health Misinformation on Vaccine Hesitancy: Mediated By Health Literacy

Abstract

Vaccine hesitancy remains a substantial population health challenge, largely driven amid the swift dissemination of health disinformation. Digital and virtual media platforms amplify misleading narratives, shaping public attitudes and fostering distrust in vaccines. This study explores the mediatory function of health education in the association between health-related misinformation and vaccine hesitancy. Findings from a sample of 300 participants reveal that exposure to misinformation substantially increases vaccine hesitancy, with health literacy playing a partial mediating role. People with limited health education are more susceptible to misinformation, leading to increased vaccine hesitancy. In contrast, those with higher health literacy are more equipped to critically evaluate information and have enhanced likelihood to accept vaccination. Based on these findings, public health strategies should focus on enhancing health literacy through targeted educational programs, misinformation correction efforts, and clear communication from health authorities. Additionally, digital platforms should strengthen measures to restrain the dissemination of misleading health information. Improving health literacy is crucial for combating misinformation and promoting public trust in vaccines.