Inclusive Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Entrepreneurial Intentions among Transgender Entrepreneurs: The Moderated Mediation Roles of Psychological Capital and Perceived Social

Abstract

This paper presents a mediated moderation model to examine the relationship between transgender entrepreneurs’ psychological resources and socially inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems within social and psychological entrepreneurial ecosystems. The paper examines the possibilities for transgender entrepreneurs’ psychological resources to be enhanced through socially inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems and the potential for nurturing psychological resources to build inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems. It also highlights the role that perceived social stigma may have on inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems. The model illustrates that inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems are likely to grow transgender entrepreneurs’ entrepreneurial intentions when social stigma and psychological resources are low. In contrast, when social stigma is high, inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems are likely to diminish psychological resources and entrepreneurial intentions. This paper shifts the focus toward the psychological and social aspects of entrepreneurial ecosystems rather than only the resources and accessibility of ecosystems. Furthermore, it offers a number of socially protective and resource-based entrepreneurship frameworks for policymakers and community stakeholders. These frameworks enable socioeconomic dignity while reducing stigma.